變速箱油的重要作用

　　The important role of transmission oil

　　變速箱油堪稱變速箱的 “血液”，在變速箱的正常運轉中起著舉足輕重的作用。它的首要職責是潤滑，在變速箱內部的眾多齒輪、軸承等金屬部件之間形成一層堅韌的油膜，有效減少它們在高速運轉時的直接摩擦，降低磨損程度，延長這些部件的使用壽命。想象一下，如果沒有變速箱油的潤滑，那些金屬部件就像沒有潤滑油的機器零件一樣，很快就會因為過度磨損而損壞。

　　Transmission fluid can be called the "blood" of the gearbox, playing a crucial role in its normal operation. Its primary responsibility is lubrication, forming a tough oil film between the numerous metal components such as gears and bearings inside the gearbox, effectively reducing their direct friction during high-speed operation, lowering the degree of wear, and extending the service life of these components. Imagine that without the lubrication of gearbox oil, those metal parts would be like machine parts without lubricating oil, quickly damaged due to excessive wear and tear.

　　除了潤滑，變速箱油還肩負著散熱的重任。變速箱在工作時，由于齒輪的高速嚙合和摩擦，會產生大量的熱量。如果這些熱量不能及時散發出去，就會導致變速箱內部溫度過高，影響其正常工作，甚至可能引發故障。而變速箱油就像一個高效的 “散熱器”，它在循環流動過程中，能夠吸收這些熱量，并將其傳遞到變速箱外殼，再通過空氣或冷卻液散發到大氣中，確保變速箱始終處于適宜的工作溫度范圍內。

　　In addition to lubrication, transmission oil also shoulders the responsibility of heat dissipation. During operation, the gearbox generates a large amount of heat due to the high-speed meshing and friction of the gears. If these heat cannot be dissipated in a timely manner, it will cause the internal temperature of the gearbox to be too high, affecting its normal operation and even potentially causing malfunctions. And gearbox oil is like an efficient "radiator", which can absorb this heat during the circulation process and transfer it to the gearbox housing, and then dissipate it into the atmosphere through air or coolant, ensuring that the gearbox is always within the appropriate operating temperature range.

　　在部分自動變速箱中，變速箱油還承擔著傳遞動力的關鍵使命。以液力變矩器為例，它利用變速箱油的流體動力來實現發動機與變速箱之間的動力傳遞，使車輛能夠平穩起步和換擋。可以說，變速箱油是動力傳遞的 “橋梁”，沒有它，發動機的動力就無法有效地傳遞到車輪上，車輛也就無法正常行駛。

　　In some automatic transmissions, transmission oil also plays a crucial role in transmitting power. Taking the hydraulic torque converter as an example, it utilizes the fluid power of the transmission oil to achieve power transmission between the engine and the gearbox, enabling the vehicle to start and shift smoothly. It can be said that gearbox oil is the "bridge" for power transmission. Without it, the engine's power cannot be effectively transmitted to the wheels, and the vehicle cannot travel normally.

　　換油周期與方法

　　Oil change cycle and method

　　變速箱油的更換周期并非一成不變，而是因變速箱的類型而異。一般來說，手動變速箱的換油周期相對較長，通常在 15 萬公里左右。但如果車輛經常在惡劣路況下行駛，如頻繁啟停、重載爬坡等，或者駕駛者的駕駛風格較為激烈，那么換油周期就需要適當縮短，以保證變速箱的良好性能。

　　The replacement cycle of gearbox oil is not fixed, but varies depending on the type of gearbox. Generally speaking, the oil change interval for manual transmissions is relatively long, usually around 150000 kilometers. But if the vehicle is frequently driven in harsh road conditions, such as frequent start stop, heavy load climbing, etc., or if the driver's driving style is more intense, then the oil change cycle needs to be appropriately shortened to ensure the good performance of the gearbox.

　　自動變速箱由于其結構更為復雜，工作條件也更為苛刻，所以換油周期相對較短。常見的 4AT、6AT 變速箱，建議在行駛 8 萬公里左右更換一次變速箱油；而對于檔位更高、技術更先進的 9AT 等變速箱，由于其內部零件的精度和工作壓力更高，對變速箱油的品質和清潔度要求也更為嚴格，因此建議行駛 4 - 6 萬公里就進行更換。

　　Due to its more complex structure and more demanding working conditions, automatic transmissions have relatively shorter oil change intervals. It is recommended to replace the transmission oil for common 4AT and 6AT transmissions after driving for about 80000 kilometers; For higher gears and more advanced technologies such as the 9-speed automatic transmission, due to the higher precision and working pressure of its internal components, the quality and cleanliness requirements for the transmission oil are also more stringent. Therefore, it is recommended to replace it after driving 40000 to 60000 kilometers.

　　在更換變速箱油時，目前主要有重力換油和循環機換油兩種方法 。重力換油是一種較為傳統的方式，操作簡單，就像給汽車換機油一樣，通過擰下變速箱底部的放油螺絲，讓舊油在重力作用下自然流出，然后再加入新的變速箱油。這種方法的優點是成本較低，用油量相對較少，而且操作過程相對簡單，一般的維修店都能進行。然而，它的缺點也很明顯，由于變速箱內部結構復雜，存在許多溝壑和拐角，重力換油很難將舊油完全排出，通常只能更換出約 50% - 60% 的舊油 ，這就意味著新加入的油會與殘留的舊油混合，從而影響新油的性能和使用壽命，也會縮短變速箱的保養周期。

　　There are currently two main methods for changing transmission oil: gravity oil change and circulation machine oil change. Gravity oil change is a relatively traditional method with simple operation, just like changing the oil in a car. By unscrewing the oil drain screw at the bottom of the gearbox, the old oil can naturally flow out under the action of gravity, and then new gearbox oil can be added. The advantages of this method are lower cost, relatively less oil consumption, and relatively simple operation process, which can be carried out by general repair shops. However, its drawbacks are also obvious. Due to the complex internal structure of the gearbox, there are many grooves and corners, and gravity oil change is difficult to completely drain the old oil. Usually, only about 50-60% of the old oil can be replaced, which means that the newly added oil will mix with the residual old oil, thereby affecting the performance and service life of the new oil and shortening the maintenance cycle of the gearbox.

　　本文由 濟南自動變速箱維修  友情奉獻.更多有關的知識請點擊  http://m.gxrbbs.com/  真誠的態度.為您提供為全面的服務.更多有關的知識我們將會陸續向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

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